Uxhumano lukagesi oluyinhloko lubhekisela kumjikelezo oklanyelwe ukuhlangabezana nokudluliswa kwamandla okunqunywe kusengaphambili nokusebenza

izidingo ezitshalweni zikagesi, iziteshi ezincane kanye nezinhlelo zikagesi, futhi ikhombisa ubudlelwano bokuhlangana phakathi kukagesi onamandla amakhulu

imishini.Uxhumano lukagesi oluyinhloko wukudluliswa kwamandla kagesi kanye nesekethe yokusabalalisa enezintambo ezingenayo neziphumayo

kokunikezwa kwamandla njengesixhumanisi esiyisisekelo kanye nebhasi njengesixhumanisi esimaphakathi.

Ngokuvamile, izintambo eziyinhloko zezitshalo zikagesi neziteshi ezincane zizohlangabezana nezidingo ezilandelayo eziyisisekelo:

1) Qinisekisa ukuthembeka okudingekile kokunikezwa kwamandla kanye nekhwalithi yamandla ngokuya ngezidingo zohlelo nabasebenzisi.Ithuba elincane

kokuphazanyiswa okuphoqelekile kokunikezwa kwamandla ngesikhathi sokusebenza, kuphakama ukuthembeka kwezintambo eziyinhloko.

2) Izintambo eziyinhloko zizovumelana nezimo ukuze zihlangabezane nezidingo zezimo ezihlukahlukene zokusebenza zesistimu yamandla kanye nemishini eyinhloko, futhi

izophinde ibe lula ukugcinwa.

3) I-wiring enkulu izoba lula futhi icace, futhi ukusebenza kuzoba lula, ukuze kuncishiswe izinyathelo zokusebenza ezidingekayo

ukufaka noma ukususwa kwezingxenye eziyinhloko.

4) Ngaphansi kombandela wokuhlangabezana nezidingo ezingenhla, izindleko zokutshalwa kwezimali nezokusebenza zincane kakhulu.

5) Amathuba okwandisa.

Uma kunemigqa eminingi engenayo nephumayo (amasekhethi angaphezu kuka-4), ukuze kube lula ukuqoqwa nokusatshalaliswa kwamandla kagesi,

ibhasi livame ukusethwa njengesixhumanisi esimaphakathi.

Kubandakanya: uxhumano lwebhasi elilodwa, uxhumano lwebhasi oluphindwe kabili, uxhumano lwe-3/2, uxhumano lwe-4/3, uxhumano lweqembu lebhasi le-transformer.

Uma inombolo yemigqa engenayo naphumayo incane (ngaphansi noma ilingana namasekhethi angu-4), ukuze ulondoloze utshalomali, alikho ibhasi elingasethwa.

Kubandakanya: izintambo zeyunithi, izintambo zebhuloho kanye ne-engeli yezintambo.

1. Ukuxhumeka kwebhasi elilodwa

Ukuxhumana neqembu elilodwa kuphela lamabhasi kubizwa ngokuthi ukuxhumana kwebhasi elilodwa, njengoba kukhonjisiwe kuMfanekiso 1.

Umfanekiso 1 Umdwebo wohlelo loxhumano lwebhasi elilodwa

Isici sokuxhunywa kwebhasi elilodwa ukuthi izintambo zikagesi kanye nezintambo zikagesi zixhunywe eqenjini elifanayo lamabhasi.Ku

ukuze uvule noma unqamule noma yimuphi ulayini ongenayo noma ophumayo, ukuhola ngakunye kufakwe i-circuit breaker engavula noma ivale isekethe.

ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukahlukene zokusebenza (njengoba kukhonjisiwe ku-DL1 kuMfanekiso 1).Lapho kudingekile ukugcina i-breaker circuit futhi uqinisekise

ukunikezwa kwamandla okujwayelekile kwezinye izintambo, amaswishi ahlukanisayo (G1 ～ G4) azofakwa ezinhlangothini zombili ze-breaker circuit ngayinye.Umsebenzi we-

I-disconnector iwukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-circuit breaker ihlukanisiwe kwezinye izingxenye ezibukhoma ngesikhathi sokulungiswa, kodwa hhayi ukunqamula amandla

isifunda.Njengoba i-circuit breaker inedivaysi yokucima i-arc, kodwa isinqamuli asinalo, isinqamuli kufanele silandele isimiso

"yenza ngaphambi kwekhefu" ngesikhathi sokusebenza: lapho uxhuma isifunda, isixhumi kufanele sivalwe kuqala;Bese uvala i-breaker circuit;

Lapho unqamula isifunda, i-breaker circuit izonqanyulwa kuqala, bese kuba isinqamuleli.Ngaphezu kwalokho, isixhumi singakwazi

isetshenziswe kusimo se-equipotential.

Izinzuzo eziyinhloko zokuxhuma kwebhasi elilodwa: elula, esobala, kulula ukuyisebenzisa, akulula ukuhlukumeza, ukutshalwa kwezimali okuncane, futhi kulula ukunweba.

Okubi okuyinhloko kwebhasi elilodwa: lapho isixhumi sebhasi sihluleka noma silungiswa kabusha, zonke izinto zikagesi kufanele zinqanyulwe, okuholela ekutheni

ukuhluleka kwamandla kwedivayisi yonke.Ukwengeza, lapho i-breaker circuit idluliswa, isifunda kufanele futhi simiswe ngesikhathi sonke

isikhathi sokulungisa.Ngenxa yamaphutha angenhla, ukuxhumeka kwebhasi elilodwa akukwazi ukuhlangabezana nezimfuneko zokunikezwa kwamandla kubasebenzisi ababalulekile.

Ububanzi bokusetshenziswa koxhumano lwebhasi elilodwa: lusebenza ezitshalweni zikagesi ezincane neziphakathi nendawo noma iziteshi ezincane ezinejeneretha eyodwa kuphela.

noma i-transformer eyodwa enkulu kanye namasekhethi ambalwa aphumayo kumasistimu angu-6~220kV.

2. Ukuxhumeka kwesigaba sebhasi elilodwa

Ububi bokuxhuma ibhasi elilodwa bunganqotshwa ngendlela yesigatshana, njengoba kukhonjisiwe kuMfanekiso 2.

Fig. 2 Izintambo Eziyingxenye Yebhasi Elilodwa

Uma i-circuit breaker ifakwe phakathi nebhasi, ibhasi lihlukaniswa izingxenye ezimbili, ukuze abasebenzisi ababalulekile banikwe amandla

imigqa emibili exhunywe ezigabeni ezimbili zebhasi.Uma noma iyiphi ingxenye yebhasi ihluleka, bonke abasebenzisi ababalulekile ngeke banqanyulwe.Ngaphezu kwalokho, amabhasi amabili

izingxenye zingahlanzwa futhi zilungiswe ngokuhlukile, okunganciphisa ukwehluleka kwamandla kubasebenzisi.

Ngoba izintambo zengxenye yebhasi eyodwa azigcini nje ngokugcina izinzuzo zezintambo zebhasi eyodwa ngokwayo, njengokulula, ukonga kanye

lula, kodwa futhi kusiza ukuntula kwayo kuze kufike ezingeni elithile, futhi nokuguquguquka kokusebenza kuyathuthukiswa (kungasebenza ngokuhambisana noma

amakholomu ahlukene), le modi yezintambo isetshenziswe kabanzi.

Kodwa-ke, izintambo ezihlukaniswe ngezigaba zebhasi elilodwa nazo zinokungalungi okukhulu, okungukuthi, lapho ingxenye yebhasi noma noma yisiphi isinqamuleli sebhasi sihluleka.

noma isishintshiwe, yonke imikhondo exhunywe ebhasini izocishwa ugesi isikhathi eside ngesikhathi sokulungiswa kabusha.Ngokusobala, lokhu akuvunyelwe

izitshalo ezinkulu zamandla kanye neziteshi zehabhu.

Ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kwezintambo zengxenye yebhasi eyodwa: kusebenza kuzintambo ezingu-6~10kV zezitshalo zamandla ezincane nezinosayizi omaphakathi kanye neziteshi ezincane ezingu-6~220kV.

3, Ibhasi elilodwa elinoxhumano lwebhasi lwe-bypass

Ibhasi elilodwa elinoxhumano lwebhasi elidlulayo liboniswa kuMfanekiso 3.

Umfanekiso 3 Ibhasi elilodwa elinebhasi elidlulayo

Umsebenzi webhasi le-bypass: ukugcinwa kwanoma yimaphi ama-breaker circuit angenayo naphumayo angenziwa ngaphandle kokuhluleka kwamandla.

Izinyathelo zokulungiswa okungaphazanyiswa kwe-circuit breaker QF1:

1) Sebenzisa i-bypass circuit breaker QF0 ukushaja ibhasi lokudlula i-W2, vala i-QSp1 ne-QSp2, bese uvala i-GFp.

2) Ngemva kokushaja ngempumelelo, yenza i-circuit breaker ephumayo i-QF1 ne-bypass circuit breaker QF0 isebenze ngokuhambisana bese uvala i-QS13.

3) Phuma ku-circuit breaker QF19 bese udonsa i-QF1, i-QS12 ne-QS11.

4) Lengisa ucingo oluphansi (noma ummese waphansi) nhlangothi zombili ze-QF1 ukuze lulungiswe.

Izimiso zokumiswa kwebhasi elidlulayo:

1) Izintambo ezingu-10kV ngokuvamile azimiswa ngenxa yokuthi abasebenzisi ababalulekile banikwa amandla akabili;Intengo yesekethe engu-10kV

i-breaker iphansi, futhi i-circuit breaker ekhethekile yokulinda kanye ne-handcart circuit breaker ingasethwa.

2) izintambo ezingama-35kV ngokuvamile azimiswa ngenxa yezizathu ezifanayo, kodwa lezi zimo ezilandelayo zingabuye zicatshangelwe: uma kukhona

izifunda eziningi eziphumayo (ngaphezu kuka-8);Kukhona abasebenzisi ababaluleke kakhulu kanye nokunikezwa kwamandla okukodwa.

3) Uma kunemigqa eminingi ephumayo engu-110kV nangaphezulu, ivamise ukumiswa ngenxa yesikhathi eside sokulungisa.

i-breaker circuit (izinsuku ezingu-5-7);Umthelela wokunqamuka komugqa mkhulu.

4) Ibhasi le-bypass alifakiwe ezitshalweni zamanzi amancane naphakathi nendawo ngoba ukugcinwa kwe-circuit breaker

ihlelwe ngesikhathi samanzi ababayo.

4. Uxhumano lwebhasi oluphindwe kabili

Imodi yoxhumano lwamabhasi amabili ihlongozwa ngenxa yokushiyeka kokuxhumeka kwesigaba sebhasi elilodwa.Imodi yayo yokuxhumana eyisisekelo ithi

kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 4, okungukuthi, ngaphezu kwebhasi elisebenzayo 1, iqembu lebhasi elibekwe eceleni 2 lengeziwe.

Umdwebo 4 Ukuxhumeka kwebhasi eliphindwe kabili

Njengoba kunamaqembu amabili amabhasi, angasetshenziswa njengokulinda komunye nomunye.Amaqembu amabili amabhasi axhunywe ngothayi webhasi

i-circuit breaker DL, futhi isifunda ngasinye sixhunywe emaqenjini amabili amabhasi ngokusebenzisa i-breaker circuit kanye nezixhumi ezimbili.

Ngesikhathi sokusebenza, isixhumi esixhunywe ebhasini elisebenzayo sixhunyiwe futhi isixhumi sixhunywe ebhasini elibekwe eceleni

inqanyuliwe.

Izici zokuxhuma kwamabhasi amabili:

1) Shintshanani ukulungisa ibhasi ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ugesi.Lapho ulungisa isixhumi sebhasi sanoma iyiphi isekethe, kuphela

nqamula isekethe.

2) Uma ibhasi elisebenzayo lihluleka, zonke izifunda zingadluliselwa ebhasini elibekwe eceleni, ukuze idivayisi ikwazi ukubuyisela ngokushesha ukunikezwa kwamandla.

I-3) Lapho ulungisa i-breaker circuit yanoma yisiphi isifunda, ukunikezwa kwamandla kwesifunda ngeke kuphazamiseke isikhathi eside.

4) Lapho i-circuit breaker yesekethe ngayinye idinga ukuhlolwa ngokwehlukana, isifunda singahlukaniswa futhi sixhunywe ku

ibhasi elibekwe eceleni.

Ukusebenza okubaluleke kakhulu kokuxhuma kwamabhasi amabili ukushintsha ibhasi.Okulandelayo kukhombisa izinyathelo zokusebenza ngokuthatha i-

ukugcinwa kwebhasi elisebenzayo kanye ne-circuit breaker ephumayo njengesibonelo.

(1) Ibhasi lomsebenzi wokulungisa

Ukuze kulungiswe ibhasi elisebenzayo, zonke izinsiza zikagesi kanye nemigqa kufanele kushintshelwe ebhasini elibekwe eceleni.Ukuze wenze lokhu, qala uhlole ukuthi ngabe i-standby

ibhasi lisesimweni esihle.Indlela iwukuxhuma isinqamuli sebhasi i-DL ukuze wenze ibhasi elibekwe eceleni liphile.Uma ibhasi elibekwe eceleni limpofu

i-insulation noma iphutha, i-breaker circuit izonqamula ngokuzenzakalelayo ngaphansi kwesenzo sedivayisi yokuvikela i-relay;Lapho lingekho iphutha

ibhasi eliyisipele, i-DL izohlala ixhunyiwe.Ngalesi sikhathi, njengoba amaqembu amabili amabhasi ane-equipotential, zonke izinqamuleli kokubekwe eceleni

ibhasi ingaxhunywa kuqala, bese zonke izixhumi ebhasini elisebenzayo zinganqanyulwa, ukuze ukudluliselwa kwebhasi kuqedwe.Ekugcineni,

i-dl tie breaker kanye nesinqamuli phakathi kwayo nebhasi elisebenzayo kufanele kunqanyulwe.Ukuze bazihlukanise ukuze zigcinwe.

(2) Lungisa i-circuit breaker kulayini owodwa ophumayo

Umfanekiso 5 Isiphakeli sesekethe sokulungisa amabhasi amabili

Lapho ulungisa kabusha i-breaker yesifunda kunoma yimuphi ulayini ophumayo ngaphandle kokulindela ukuthi ulayini ucishwe isikhathi eside, isibonelo,

lapho ulungisa kabusha i-circuit breaker kulayini ophumayo L ku-Figure 5, qala usebenzise i-DL1 yokunqamula uthayi webhasi ukuze uhlole ukuthi ibhasi elibekwe eceleni likhona.

isimo esihle, okungukuthi, nqamula i-DL1, bese unqamula i-DL2 futhi unqamule i-G1 ne-G2 nhlangothi zombili, bese unqamula ukuhola

isixhumi se-circuit breaker DL2, buyisela i-circuit breaker DL2 nge-jumper yesikhashana, bese uxhuma isixhumi i-G3.

exhunywe ebhasini elibekwe eceleni, Bese uvala isinqamuli eseceleni komugqa i-G1, bese ekugcineni uvala isinqamuli sebhasi i-DL1, ukuze kubekwe ulayini L.

iqale ukusebenza futhi.Ngalesi sikhathi, i-bus tie circuit breaker ingena esikhundleni somsebenzi we-circuit breaker, ukuze umugqa L uqhubeke.

ukunikeza amandla.

Ukufingqa, inzuzo enkulu yebhasi eliphindwe kabili ukuthi uhlelo lwebhasi lungalungiswa ngaphandle kokuthinta ukunikezwa kwamandla.Nokho,

ukuxhumeka kwamabhasi amabili kunokungalungi okulandelayo:

1) I-wiring iyinkimbinkimbi.Ukuze unikeze ukudlala okugcwele izinzuzo zokuxhuma amabhasi amabili, imisebenzi eminingi yokushintsha kufanele ibe

kwenziwa, ikakhulukazi lapho isixhumi sithathwa njengesisetshenziswa sikagesi esisebenzayo, okulula ukubangela izingozi ezinkulu.

ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle.

2) Lapho ibhasi elisebenzayo lihluleka, amandla azonqanyulwa isikhathi esifushane ngesikhathi sokushintshwa kwebhasi.Nakuba ibhasi tie wesifunda breaker can

isetshenziselwe ukufaka esikhundleni se-circuit breaker ngesikhathi sokulungiswa, ukucisha kukagesi okwesikhashana kusadingeka ngesikhathi sokufakwa kanye

ukuxhumeka kwama-jumper bar, okungavunyelwe kubasebenzisi ababalulekile.

3) Inani lezixhumi zebhasi likhuphuka kakhulu uma liqhathaniswa nokuxhumeka kwebhasi elilodwa, ngaleyo ndlela kukhulisa indawo yamandla yaphansi.

imishini yokusabalalisa kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali.

5, Ukuxhumana kwebhasi eliphindwe kabili ngebhasi elidlulayo

Ukuze ugweme ukwehluleka kwamandla ngesikhathi esifushane ngesikhathi sokulungiswa kwe-circuit breaker, kungasetshenziswa ibhasi eliphindwe kabili elinebhasi elidlulayo, njengoba kukhonjisiwe.

kuMfanekiso 6.

Umfanekiso 6 Ibhasi eliphindwe kabili elinoxhumano lwebhasi elidlulayo

Ibhasi lesi-3 kuMfanekiso 6 ibhasi elidlulayo, futhi i-circuit breaker DL1 iyisiphazamisi sesifunda esixhunywe ebhasini elidlulayo.Isendaweni evaliwe

ngesikhathi sokusebenza okuvamile.Uma kudingekile ukulungisa noma iyiphi i-circuit breaker, i-DL1 ingasetshenziswa esikhundleni sokubangela ukwehluleka kwamandla.Ngokwesibonelo,

lapho i-circuit breaker DL2 kulayini L idinga ukulungiswa, i-circuit breaker DL1 ingavalwa ukuze inikeze amandla ibhasi elidlulayo, bese lidlula ibhasi

isixhumi se-G4 singavalwa, ekugcineni i-circuit breaker DL2 inganqanyulwa, bese izinqamuli ze-G1, G2, G3 zinganqanyulwa.

Shintshanisa amasheya DL2.

Ekuxhumekeni kwebhasi elilodwa kanye nebhasi eliphindwe kabili elichazwe ngenhla, inani lama-circuit breaker ngokuvamile likhulu kunenombolo ye

izifunda ezixhunyiwe.Ngenxa yentengo ephezulu yama-high-voltage circuit breakers, indawo yokufaka edingekayo nayo inkulu, ikakhulukazi uma

izinga likagesi liphakeme, lesi simo sisobala kakhulu.Ngakho-ke, inani lama-circuit breaker lizoncishiswa ngangokunokwenzeka

ngokombono wezomnotho.Uma kunemigqa embalwa ephumayo, ukuxhumana kwebhuloho ngaphandle kwebhasi kungacatshangelwa.

Uma kukhona ama-transformer amabili kuphela kanye nemigqa yokudlulisela emibili kusekethe, kudingeka ama-breaker circuit ambalwa ukuze kuxhunywe ibhuloho.

Ukuxhumeka kwebhuloho kungahlukaniswa "uhlobo lwebhuloho langaphakathi" kanye "nohlobo lwebhuloho langaphandle".

(1) Ukuxhumana kwebhuloho elingaphakathi

Umdwebo wezintambo wokuxhumeka kwebhuloho langaphakathi uboniswa kuMfanekiso 7.

Umfanekiso 7 I-Inner Bridge Wiring

Isici sokuxhuma kwebhuloho langaphakathi ukuthi ama-breaker circuit amabili i-DL1 ne-DL2 axhunywe kulayini, ngakho-ke kulula

nqamula futhi ufake ulayini.Lapho umugqa uhluleka, kuphela i-breaker circuit yomugqa izonqanyulwa, kuyilapho enye isifunda kanye nezimbili

ama-transformer angaqhubeka nokusebenza.Ngakho-ke, lapho i-transformer eyodwa ihluleka, ama-breaker circuit amabili axhunywe ku-transformer azoba

inqanyuliwe, ukuze imigqa efanelekile izobe ingasebenzi isikhathi esifushane.Ngakho-ke, lo mkhawulo ngokuvamile usebenza emigqeni emide futhi

ama-transformers angadingi ukushintsha njalo.

(2) Ukuxhumana kwebhuloho langaphandle

Umdwebo wezintambo wezintambo zaseShayina zaphesheya uboniswa kuMfanekiso 8.

Fig. 8 Intambo Yebhuloho Yangaphandle

Izici zoxhumano lwebhuloho langaphandle ziphambene nalezo zokuxhumeka kwebhuloho langaphakathi.Lapho i-transformer ihluleka noma idinga

ukuze inqanyulwe ngesikhathi sokusebenza, ama-circuit breaker kuphela i-DL1 ne-DL2 adinga ukunqanyulwa ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukusebenza kolayini.

Kodwa-ke, lapho umugqa uhluleka, kuzothinta ukusebenza kwe-transformer.Ngakho-ke, lolu hlobo lokuxhumana lufanelekile esimweni lapho

ulayini mfushane futhi i-transformer idinga ukushintshwa njalo.Ngokuvamile, isetshenziswa kakhulu eziteshini ezehlayo.

Ngokuvamile, ukwethembeka kokuxhumeka kwebhuloho akuphakeme kakhulu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa izixhumi njengezinto zokusebenza.

Nokho, ngenxa yezinto ezimbalwa ezisetshenziswayo, ukwakheka okulula kanye nezindleko eziphansi, isasetshenziswa kumadivayisi okusabalalisa angu-35~220kV.Ngaphezu kwalokho, inqobo nje

njengoba kuthathwa izinyathelo ezifanele zokuhlelwa kwemishini yokusabalalisa amandla, lolu hlobo lokuxhumana lungakhula lube yibhasi elilodwa noma kabili

ibhasi, ngakho-ke ingasetshenziswa njengoxhumano lwenguquko esigabeni sokuqala sephrojekthi.