Iyini into ebamba umbani?Iyini i-surge protector?Abasebenza ngogesi abake basebenza embonini kagesi

iminyaka eminingi kumele ukwazi kahle lokhu.Kepha uma kukhulunywa ngomehluko phakathi kokubopha umbani nokukhuphuka

abavikeli, izisebenzi zikagesi eziningi zingase zingakwazi ukubatshela isikhashana, futhi abanye abaqalayo bakagesi balingana

edidekile ngokwengeziwe.Sonke siyazi ukuthi izinto zokuvala umbani zisetshenziselwa ukuvikela izinto zikagesi ekugedeni okudlula isikhathi eside

izingozi ngesikhathi sokushaywa kombani, kanye nokunciphisa isikhathi se-freewheeling futhi kuvame ukukhawulela i-freewheeling amplitude.Umbani

izibambi ngezinye izikhathi zibizwa nangokuthi izivikeli ze-overvoltage kanye nezikhawuli ze-overvoltage.

Umvikeli ohlinzayo, owaziwa nangokuthi umvikeli wombani, iyinsiza ye-elekthronikhi ehlinzeka ngokuvikeleka kokuphepha

amathuluzi ahlukahlukene we-elekthronikhi, amathuluzi, nemigqa yokuxhumana.Lapho i-high current noma i-voltage ivela ngokuzumayo

kumjikelezo kagesi noma umugqa wokuxhumana ngenxa yokuphazanyiswa kwangaphandle, ingakwazi ukuqhuba i-shunt ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu

gwema ukulimala kokuhlinzwa kwezinye izinto zokusebenza kusekethe.Ngakho-ke, yini umehluko phakathi kokubopha umbani nokuhlinza

umvikeli?Ngezansi sizoqhathanisa umehluko omkhulu emihlanu phakathi kwezibambisi zombani nezivikeli zokuhlinza, ukuze wena

ingakwazi ukuqonda kahle imisebenzi efanele yezinqamuli zombani kanye nokuvikela ukukhuphuka kombani.Ngemva kokufunda lesi sihloko,

Ngethemba ukuthi izonikeza izisebenzi zikagesi ukuqonda okujulile ngezinqamuleli zombani kanye nezivikeli zokuhlinza.

01 Iqhaza labavikeli abahlinzayo nabanqanda umbani

1. Isivikeli sokuhlinza: Isivikeli sokuhlinza sibizwa nangokuthi isivikeli sokuhlinza, isivikeli sombani esinikezela amandla aphansi, umbani

isivikeli, i-SPD, njll. Kuyidivayisi ye-elekthronikhi ehlinzeka ngokuvikeleka kokuphepha kwezinto ezihlukahlukene zikagesi, izinsimbi,

nemigqa yokuxhumana.Kuwumshini we-elekthronikhi ohlinzeka ngokuvikelwa kokuphepha kwezinto ezihlukahlukene ze-elekthronikhi,

amathuluzi, nemigqa yokuxhumana.Lapho i-high current noma i-voltage yenzeka ngokuzumayo kusekethe kagesi noma

ulayini wokuxhumana ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwangaphandle, umvikeli ohlinzayo angakwazi ukuqhuba futhi avale umsinga ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu,

ngaleyo ndlela kuvimbele ukushuba ekulimazeni ezinye izinto zokusebenza kusekethe.

Ngaphezu kokusetshenziswa emkhakheni wamandla, abavikeli bokuhlinzwa bayadingeka nakweminye imikhakha.Njengethuluzi lokuvikela, bona

qinisekisa ukuthi okokusebenza kwehlisa umthelela wokukhuphuka phakathi nenqubo yokuxhuma.

2. Isibambisi sombani: Isibambisi sombani iyisisetshenziswa sokuvikela umbani esisetshenziselwa ukuvikela izinto zikagesi ezingozini.

of overvoltage yesikhashana ephakeme ngesikhathi sombani, kanye nokunciphisa isikhathi sokuhamba ngamasondo futhi ukhawule i-freewheeling amplitude.

Isibambi sombani kwesinye isikhathi sibuye sibizwe ngokuthi i-over-voltage arrester.

Isibambisi sombani iyisisetshenziswa sikagesi esingakhulula umbani noma amandla e-overvoltage ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwesistimu yamandla,

vikela okokusebenza kukagesi ezingozini ezisheshayo zokudlula kwamandla kagesi, futhi unqamule i-freewheeling ukuze uvimbele ukumiswa kwesistimu

isifunda esifushane.Idivayisi exhunywe phakathi kwe-conductor kanye nomhlabathi ukuvimbela umbani, ngokuvamile ngokuhambisana ne-

impahla evikelwe.Izibambisi zombani zingavikela ngempumelelo izinto zikagesi.Uma kwenzeka i-voltage engavamile, i- arrester

izosebenza futhi idlale indima yokuvikela.Uma inani lamandla kagesi livamile, isibambisi sizobuyela ngokushesha esimweni saso sangempela ukuze siqinisekise

ukunikezwa kwamandla okujwayelekile kwesistimu.

Izinqamuli zombani zingasetshenziswa hhayi kuphela ukuvikela ngokumelene nama-voltage aphezulu asemoyeni, kodwa futhi ngokumelene nokusebenza kwamandla aphezulu.

Uma kukhona ukuduma kwezulu, amandla kagesi aphezulu azokwenzeka ngenxa yombani nokuduma, futhi imishini kagesi ingaba sengozini.

Ngalesi sikhathi, isibambi sombani sizosebenza ukuvikela izinto zikagesi ekulimaleni.Okukhulu nokubaluleke kakhulu

umsebenzi wokubopha umbani ukukhawulela ukugcwala ngokweqile ukuze kuvikelwe izinto zikagesi.

Isibambisi sombani iyisisetshenziswa esivumela amandla ombani ukuba ageleze emhlabeni futhi avimbele izinto zikagesi ukuthi zingaphehli

i-voltage ephezulu.Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zifaka izibambi zohlobo lweshubhu, izibambi zohlobo lwama-valve, nezibambisi ze-zinc oxide.Izimiso zokusebenza eziyinhloko

zohlobo ngalunye lokubopha umbani zihlukile, kodwa ingqikithi yazo yokusebenza iyafana, okuwukuvikela imishini kagesi ekulimaleni.

02 Umehluko phakathi kwezinqamuleli zombani nezivikeli zokuhlinza

1. Amazinga kagesi asebenzayo ahlukile

Isibambisi sombani: Izibambi zombani zinamazinga kagesi amaningi, asukela ku-0.38KV low voltage kuya ku-500KV ultra-high voltage;

Umvikeli ohlinzayo: Isivikeli sokuhlinza sinemikhiqizo yamandla kagesi aphansi enamazinga kagesi amaningi aqala ku-AC 1000V kanye ne-DC 1500V.

2. Amasistimu afakiwe ahlukile

Isibambisi sombani: ngokuvamile sifakwe ohlelweni oluyinhloko ukuvimbela ukungena okuqondile kwamagagasi ombani;

Umvikeli ohlinzayo: Kufakwe ohlelweni lwesibili, kuyisinyathelo esengeziwe ngemuva kokuthi isiboshwa siqede ukungena okuqondile.

wamagagasi ombani, noma lapho umbopheli ehluleka ukuqeda amagagasi ombani ngokuphelele.

3. Indawo yokufaka ihlukile

Isibambisi sombani: Ivamise ukufakwa kwikhabhinethi ene-voltage ephezulu phambi kwe-transformer (evame ukufakwa kusekethe engenayo

noma isifunda esiphumayo sekhabhinethi yokusabalalisa i-high-voltage, okungukuthi, phambi kwe-transformer);

Umvikeli ohlinzayo: I-SPD ifakwe kukhabhinethi yokusabalalisa i-voltage ephansi ngemuva kwe-transformer (evame ukufakwa endaweni yokungena

iKhabhinethi yokusabalalisa i-low-voltage, okungukuthi, ukuphuma kwe-transformer).

4. Ukubukeka okuhlukile nosayizi

Isibambisi sombani: Ngenxa yokuthi ixhunywe ohlelweni oluyisisekelo lukagesi, kufanele ibe nokusebenza okwanele kokufakwa kwangaphandle

kanye nosayizi wokubukeka omkhulu uma kuqhathaniswa;

Isivikeli sokuhlinza: Ngenxa yokuthi ixhunywe kusistimu ye-voltage ephansi, ingaba ncane kakhulu.

5. Izindlela ezihlukene zokubeka phansi

Isibambi sombani: ngokuvamile indlela eqondile yokumisa;

Umvikeli wokuhlinza: I-SPD ixhunywe kulayini we-PE.