Ngo-Agasti 25, 2022, i-China Electric Power Construction Enterprise Association yakhulula ngokusemthethweni i-“China Electric

Umbiko Wonyaka Wokuthuthukiswa Kwemboni Yokwakha Amandla 2022″ (ngemuva kwalokhu ubizwa ngokuthi “Umbiko”).Umbiko

ifingqa ukutshalwa kwezimali kwamandla ezwe lami kanye nokusebenza kwephrojekthi, futhi yenza umbono wentuthuko yesikhathi esizayo

imboni yamandla.Ukwakhiwa kobunjiniyela begridi yamandla wasekhaya.Ekupheleni kuka-2021, ubude belophu yokudlulisela

izintambo zikagesi ezingu-220 kV nangaphezulu kugridi kagesi kazwelonke zizoba ngamakhilomitha angu-843,390, okuwukukhula konyaka ngo-3.8%.I

umthamo wemishini yesiteshi esincane somphakathi kanye namandla okuguqula i-DC angu-220kV nangaphezulu kwezintambo zikagesi kuzwelonke.

igridi kagesi ibiyi-4,467.6 million kVA kanye namakilowathi ayizigidi ezingama-471.62, ngokulandelana, ikhuphuke ngo-4.9% kanye no-5.8% unyaka nonyaka.

Imvelo yamazwe ngamazwe kanye nezimakethe.Ngo-2021, ukutshalwa kwezimali komhlaba wonke ekwakhiweni kukagesi kuzoba nezigidigidi ezingama-925.5 zase-US

amadola, ukukhuphuka konyaka nonyaka ngo-6.7%.Phakathi kwazo, ukutshalwa kwezimali kwezobunjiniyela bamandla bekungama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-608.1,

ukunyuka konyaka ngo-6.7%;ukutshalwa kwezimali kubunjiniyela begridi yamandla bekungamadola ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-308.1, unyaka nonyaka

inyuke ngo-5.7%.Izinkampani ezinkulu zamandla kagesi zaseChina zitshale imali eyizigidigidi ezingama-US$6.96 ekutshalweni kwezimali okuqondile kwamanye amazwe, ngonyaka-

ukwehla ngonyaka ngo-11.3%;isamba samaphrojekthi otshalomali angaphandle angama-30, ikakhulukazi afaka amandla omoya, amandla elanga,

i-hydropower, amandla ashisayo, ukudluliswa kwamandla kanye nokuguqulwa nokugcinwa kwamandla, njll., kudale ngokuqondile i-51,000

yuan yendawo yephrojekthi.imisebenzi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, "Umbiko" uhlaziya izinguquko nezitayela zentuthuko yezinkampani zikagesi ngo-2021 kusukela kuhlolo lwamandla.

kanye nezinkampani zokuklama, izinkampani zokwakha, nezinkampani ezigadayo.

Isimo socwaningo lwamandla kagesi kanye namabhizinisi okuklama.Ngo-2021, imali yokusebenza izoba ngama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-271.9,

ukwanda konyaka nonyaka ngama-27.5%, okukhombisa ukukhula okuqhubekayo kule minyaka emihlanu edlule.Isamba senzuzo yenzuzo besingu-3.8%,

ukwanda konyaka nonyaka ngamaphesenti angu-0.08, okubonisa ukwehla okuqhubekayo eminyakeni emihlanu edlule.Isikweletu

isilinganiso sasingu-69.3%, ukukhuphuka konyaka nonyaka ngamaphesenti angu-0.70, okubonisa ukuguquguquka nokukhuphuka kancane

eminyakeni emihlanu edlule.Inani lezinkontileka ezisanda kusayinwa libe ngama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-492, okuwukukhuphuka konyaka ngo-17.2%, okubonisa ukukhula

inkambiso yokukhula okuqhubekayo eminyakeni emihlanu edlule.Imali engenayo yokusebenza ngomuntu ngamunye ibingamayuan ayizigidi ezi-3.44, unyaka nonyaka

ukwanda ngo-15.0%, okubonisa ukukhula okuqhubekayo eminyakeni emihlanu edlule.Inzuzo eyinsalela yomuntu ngamunye ibingu-131,000 yuan,

ukunyuka konyaka ngo-17.4%, okukhombisa ukwehla kule minyaka emihlanu edlule.

Isimo samabhizinisi wokwakha amandla ashisayo.Ngo-2021, imali yokusebenza izoba ngama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-216.9, ngonyaka-

ukunyuka konyaka ngo-14.0%, okukhombisa ukukhula okuqhubekayo eminyakeni emihlanu edlule.Isamba senzuzo yenzuzo besingu-0.4%, a

ukwehla konyaka nonyaka ngamaphesenti angu-0.48, okubonisa ukwehla okuguquguqukayo eminyakeni emihlanu edlule.Isikweletu

isilinganiso sasingu-88.0%, ukukhuphuka konyaka nonyaka ngamaphesenti angu-1.58, okubonisa ukuthambekela okuzinzile nokukhuphuka kancane esikhathini esidlule.

iminyaka emihlanu.Inani lezinkontileka ezisanda kusayinwa libe ngama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-336.6, okuwukukhuphuka konyaka ngo-1.5%.I-per capita

imali engenayo yokusebenza ibingama-yuan ayizigidi ezingu-2.202, okuwukunyuka konyaka ngo-12.7%, okubonisa ukwehla kule minyaka emihlanu edlule.

Inzuzo eyinsalela yomuntu ngamunye ibingu-8,000 yuan, ukwehla konyaka nonyaka ngo-25.8%, okubonisa ukuguquguquka okuvundlile ku

eminyakeni emihlanu edlule.

Isimo samabhizinisi okwakhiwa kwamandla kagesi.Ngo-2021, imali engenayo yokusebenza izoba ngama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-350.8, unyaka nonyaka.

ukukhuphuka konyaka ngo-6.9%, okubonisa ukukhula okuqhubekayo eminyakeni emihlanu edlule.Inzuzo yensalela yenzuzo ibingu-3.1%, unyaka nonyaka

ukukhuphuka konyaka ngamaphesenti angu-0.78, okubonisa ukuguquguquka okuvundlile eminyakeni emihlanu edlule.Isilinganiso sezikweletu sasingu-74.4%,

ukwehla konyaka nonyaka ngamaphesenti angu-0.35, okubonisa ukwehla okuqhubekayo eminyakeni emihlanu edlule.Inani

Izinkontileka ezisanda kusayinwa bekungama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-709.8, okuwukunyuka konyaka ngo-7.8%, okukhombisa ukukhuphuka okuqhubekayo

eminyakeni emihlanu edlule.Imali engenayo yokusebenza ngomuntu ngamunye ibingama-yuan ayizigidi ezingu-2.77, okuwukukhuphuka konyaka ngo-7.9%, okubonisa ukuqhubeka okuqhubekayo

ukukhula umkhuba.Inzuzo eyinsalela yomuntu ngamunye ibingu-70,000 yuan, okuwukunyuka konyaka ngo-52.2%, okubonisa ukuguquguquka kokukhula

eminyakeni emihlanu edlule.

Isimo sokudluliswa kwamandla kanye nokwakhiwa kwamabhizinisi okwakhiwa kwezinguquko.Ngo-2021, imali engenayo yokusebenza izoba ngu-64.1

amabhiliyoni ama-yuan, ukukhula konyaka nonyaka ngo-9.1%, okubonisa ukukhula okuqhubekayo eminyakeni emihlanu edlule.Isamba senzuzo yemaliji

kube ngo-1.9%, ukwehla konyaka nonyaka ngamaphesenti angu-1.30, okubonisa ukuthambekela kokukhula okuguquguqukayo nokwehla eminyakeni emihlanu edlule.

iminyaka.Isilinganiso sezikweletu besingu-57.6%, okuwukunyuka konyaka ngamaphesenti angu-1.80, okubonisa ukwehla kwezinga leminyaka emihlanu edlule.

iminyaka.Inani lezinkontileka ezisanda kusayinwa libe ngama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-66.4, okuwukukhuphuka konyaka ngo-36.2%, okubonisa ukukhula okuguquguqukayo.

umkhuba kule minyaka emihlanu edlule.Imali engenayo yokusebenza ngomuntu ngamunye ibingu-1.794 million yuan, okuwukunyuka konyaka ngo-13.8%, okukhombisa

inkambiso yokukhula eqhubekayo eminyakeni emihlanu edlule.Inzuzo eyinsalela yomuntu ngamunye ibingu-34,000 yuan, okuwukunyuka konyaka ngo-21.0%,

okubonisa ukuthambekela kokukhula okuguquguqukayo nokwehla eminyakeni emihlanu edlule.

Isimo samabhizinisi okuqondisa amandla kagesi.Ngo-2021, imali engenayo yokusebenza izoba ngama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-22.7, ukwehla konyaka

okungama-25.2%, okukhombisa ukuthambekela kokukhula nokwehla eminyakeni emihlanu edlule.Isamba senzuzo yenzuzo besingu-6.1%, okuwukunyuka konyaka nonyaka

wamaphuzu wamaphesenti angu-0.02, okubonisa ukwehla okuguquguqukayo eminyakeni emihlanu edlule kanye nokuthambekela okuphansi onyakeni odlule.Isilinganiso sezikweletu sasi

46.1%, okuwukukhula konyaka nonyaka ngamaphesenti ayi-13.74, okukhombisa ukwehla nokwenyuka kule minyaka emihlanu edlule.Inani

yezinkontileka ezisanda kusayinwa bekungama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-39.5, okuwukunyuka konyaka ngo-6.2%, okubonisa ukuguquguquka kwesimo sokukhula eminyakeni emihlanu edlule.

iminyaka.Imali engenayo yokusebenza ngomuntu ngamunye ibingu-490,000 yuan, ukwehla konyaka nonyaka ngo-22.7%, okubonisa inkambiso yokukhula nokwehla

eminyakeni emihlanu edlule.Inzuzo eyinsalela yomuntu ngamunye ibingu-32,000 yuan, ukwehla konyaka nonyaka ngo-18.0%, okubonisa ukwehla okuhlayo.

umkhuba kule minyaka emihlanu edlule.

Isimo samabhizinisi agunyaza amandla kagesi.Ngo-2021, imali engenayo yokusebenza izoba ngama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-55.1, unyaka nonyaka.

ukwanda ngama-35.7%, okukhombisa ukukhula okuqhubekayo kule minyaka emihlanu edlule.Isamba senzuzo yenzuzo besingu-1.5%, ukwehla konyaka nonyaka

wamaphuzu wamaphesenti angu-3.23, okubonisa ukwehla okuqhubekayo eminyakeni emihlanu edlule.Izikweletu bezingu-51.1%, nokunyuke ngo-8.50

amaphuzu amaphesenti unyaka nonyaka, abonisa ukuthambekela okuguquguqukayo okukhuphukayo eminyakeni emihlanu edlule.Inani lezinkontileka ezisanda kusayinwa lalingu-7

amabhiliyoni ama-yuan, ukwanda konyaka nonyaka ngo-19.5%, okubonisa ukwehla kule minyaka emihlanu edlule.Imali engenayo yokusebenza ngomuntu ngamunye yaba

Ama-yuan ayizigidi ezingu-2.068, ukukhula konyaka nonyaka ngo-15.3%, okubonisa ukukhula okuqhubekayo eminyakeni emihlanu edlule.Inzuzo yesamba somuntu ngamunye

bekungama-yuan angu-161,000, okuwukunyuka konyaka ngo-9.5%, okubonisa ukukhula okuqhubekayo kule minyaka emihlanu edlule.

“Umbiko” uveze ukuthi ngokohlelo olufanele “lweminyaka eyi-14 lweminyaka emihlanu” olukhishwe umbuso kanye nombiko ofanele okhishwe

I-China Electricity Council (ngemuva kwalokhu ebizwa ngokuthi “i-China Electricity Council”), mayelana nokwakhiwa kokuphakelwa kukagesi, ngo-2025,

Ingqikithi yamandla afakiwe wokuphehla ugesi ezweni kulindeleke ukuthi ibe ngama-kilowatts ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezi-3, kuhlanganisa ne-1.25 billion

ama-kilowatts wamandla wamalahle, ama-kilowatts ayizigidi ezingama-900 wamandla omoya namandla elanga, ama-kilowatts ayizigidi ezingama-380 wamandla kagesi ajwayelekile, 62

amakilowathi ayizigidi zamandla kagesi ampontshwayo, kanye namakilowathi ayizigidi ezingama-70 wamandla enuzi.Ngesikhathi "soHlelo Lweminyaka Emihlanu" lwe-14, kunjalo

ilinganisela ukuthi isilinganiso sonyaka samandla amasha afakiwe wokuphehlwa kukagesi ezweni lonke singama-kilowatts ayizigidi eziyi-160.Phakathi kwazo,

Amandla wamalahle angaba amakilowatts ayizigidi ezingama-40, amandla omoya namandla elanga angaba ama-kilowatts ayizigidi ezingama-74, ugesi ojwayelekile umayelana

7.25 million kilowatts, pumped hydropower cishe 7.15 million kilowatts, futhi amandla enuzi cishe 4 million kilowatts.Ekugcineni

ka-2022, kulinganiselwa ukuthi umthamo ofakiwe wokuphehla ugesi ezweni lonke uzofinyelela ku-2.6 billion kilowatts, okuwukunyuka

cishe 9% unyaka nonyaka.Phakathi kwazo, isamba esifakiwe samandla amalahle singama-kilowatts ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1.14;umthamo ofakiwe ophelele

amandla angewona ama-fossil aphehla amandla angaba ngu-1.3 billion kilowatts (okubalwa ku-50% wesamba esiphelele esifakiwe okokuqala ngqa),

okuhlanganisa amandla aphehla amanzi ayizigidi ezingama-kilowatts angu-410 kanye namandla omoya axhumeke kugridi angu-380 million kilowatts, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla elanga axhunywe kwigridi

ama-kilowatts ayizigidi ezingama-400, amandla enuzi angama-kilowatts ayizigidi ezingama-55.57, kanti amandla e-biomass akhiqizwa cishe ama-kilowatts ayizigidi ezingama-45.
Mayelana nokwakhiwa kwegridi kagesi, ngesikhathi “soHlelo Lweminyaka Emihlanu Lweminyaka Emihlanu”, izwe lami lizokwengeza amakhilomitha angama-90,000 ezintambo ze-AC zama-500 kV.

nangaphezulu, futhi umthamo wesiteshi esincane uzoba yizigidi ezingama-900 kVA.Amandla okudlulisa amashaneli akhona azokwengezwa ngo

ama-kilowatts angaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-40, kanti ukwakhiwa kwamashaneli amasha phakathi kwezifundazwe kanye nezifunda kuzoba ngaphezu kwalokho.

60 million kilowatts.Ukutshalwa kwezimali okuhleliwe kugridi yamandla kuzosondela ku-3 trillion yuan.I-State Grid ihlela ukutshala imali engu-2.23 trillion yuan.

Phakathi kwazo, amaphrojekthi “e-AC amahlanu kanye namane aqondile” e-UHV ahlelelwe ukwakhiwa, anengqikithi yamakhilomitha angama-3,948 emigqa ye-AC ne-DC.

(iguquliwe), umthamo wesiteshi esisha (ukuguqulwa) we-kVA eyizigidi ezingama-28, kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali okuphelele kwama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-44.365.

Ngokwedatha yesibikezelo ye-Fitch, i-ejensi yokulinganisa eyaziwa emhlabeni wonke, izinga lokukhula kwamandla omhlaba wonke afakiwe

yehla kancane kancane futhi ihlale izinzile ngo-2022. Kulindeleke ukuthi yenyuke cishe ngo-3.5% unyaka nonyaka, yehle iye cishe ku-3.0% ngo-2023, futhi izokhula.

okunye ukwehla nokugcina kusuka ku-2024 kuya ku-2025. cishe ku-2.5%.Amandla avuselelekayo ayoba umthombo oyinhloko wokukhula kokufakwa kukagesi,

ikhula ngo-8% ngonyaka.Ngo-2024, isabelo sokuphehlwa kwamandla avuselelekayo sizokhuphuka sisuka ku-28% ngo-2021 siye ku-32%.OwaseYurophu

I-Solar Energy Association ikhiphe i-“2021-2025 Global Photovoltaic Market Outlook Report”, ibikezela ukuthi isamba somthamo ofakiwe

amandla elanga emhlabeni wonke azofinyelela ku-1.1 billion kilowatts ngo-2022, 1.3 billion kilowatts ngo-2023, 1.6 billion kilowatts ngo-2024, kanye ne-1.8 billion kilowatts

ngo-2025. kilowatt.

Qaphela: Isilinganiso sezibalo sedatha yokusebenza yamabhizinisi wokwakha amandla kagesi eChina yinhlolovo nokuklanywa kwamandla kagesi angu-166.

amabhizinisi, amabhizinisi angu-45 akha amandla ashisayo, amabhizinisi angu-30 okwakha ugesi wamanzi, angu-33 okuhanjiswa kwamandla kanye noguquko

amabhizinisi okwakha, amabhizinisi aqondisa amandla kagesi angu-114, kanye namabhizinisi angu-87 agunyazayo.Ububanzi bebhizinisi buhlanganisa kakhulu

amandla wamalahle, amandla egesi, amandla aphehlwa ngamanzi ajwayelekile, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla okumpompa, ukudluliswa kwamandla kanye noguquko, amandla enuzi,

amandla omoya, amandla elanga kanye nokugcinwa kwamandla.