Muva nje, iwebhusayithi kahulumeni waseDashi imemezele ukuthi iNetherlands neJalimane izomba ngokuhlanganyela insimu entsha yegesi esifundeni saseNorth Sea, okulindeleke ukuthi ikhiqize iqoqo lokuqala legesi yemvelo ekupheleni kuka-2024. Lesi yisikhathi sokuqala lapho amaJalimane. Uhulumeni usesijikile isimo sakhe kusukela uhulumeni waseLower Saxony ngonyaka odlule wazwakalisa ukungahambisani nokuhlolwa kwegesi eNorth Sea.Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa muva nje, iJalimane, iDenmark, iNorway namanye amazwe nawo aveze izinhlelo zokwakha igridi yamandla omoya asolwandle ehlangene.Amazwe ase-Europe ahlala “ebambene” ukuze abhekane nenkinga eshubile yokuhlinzekwa kwamandla kagesi.

Ukubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe ukuthuthukisa iNorth Sea

Ngokwezindaba ezikhishwe uhulumeni waseDutch, imithombo yegesi yemvelo eyenziwe ngokubambisana neJalimane isendaweni emngceleni wamazwe womabili.Lawa mazwe womabili azokwakha ngokuhlanganyela ipayipi lokuthutha igesi yemvelo ekhiqizwa indawo yegesi iye kulawa mazwe womabili.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinhlangothi zombili zizophinde zibeke izintambo ezihamba ngaphansi kwamanzi ukuze zixhume ipulazi eliseduze lomoya laseJalimane elingasogwini ukuze kuhlinzekwe ugesi endaweni yegesi.INetherlands ithe isiyikhiphile ilayisensi yephrojekthi yegesi yemvelo, futhi uhulumeni waseJalimane uyakusheshisa ukugunyazwa kwalo msebenzi.

Kuyaqondakala ukuthi ngoMeyi 31 kulo nyaka, iNetherlands yanqanyulwa yiRussia ngenxa yokwenqaba ukukhokhela izinkokhelo zegesi yemvelo ngama-ruble.Abahlaziyi bezimboni bakholelwa ukuthi lezi zinyathelo ezishiwo ngenhla eNetherlands ziphendula le nkinga.

Ngaso leso sikhathi, imboni yamandla omoya ogwini lolwandle esifundeni saseNorth Sea nayo ingenise amathuba amasha.Ngokubika kweReuters amazwe ase-Europe okubalwa kuwo iGermany, iDenmark, iBelgium namanye amazwe asanda kuveza ukuthi azogqugquzela ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla omoya ovela ngaphandle kolwandle eNorth Sea futhi ahlose ukwakha amagridi kagesi ahlangene awela umngcele.AbakwaReuters bacaphune inkampani yaseDenmark i-Energinet ithi le nkampani isivele inezingxoxo neJalimane neBelgium ukugqugquzela ukwakhiwa kwamagridi kagesi phakathi kweziqhingi zamandla eNorth Sea.Ngaso leso sikhathi, iNorway, iNetherlands kanye neJalimane nazo seziqalile ukuhlela ezinye izinhlelo zokudluliswa kukagesi.

UChris Peeters, oyi-CEO ye-Belgian grid operator u-Elia, uthe: “Ukwakha igridi ehlangene eNorth Sea kungonga izindleko futhi kuxazulule inkinga yokuguquguquka kokukhiqizwa kwamandla ezifundeni ezahlukene.Ukuthatha amandla omoya asogwini njengesibonelo, ukusetshenziswa kwamagridi ahlanganisiwe kuzosiza ukusebenza.Amabhizinisi angawaba kangcono ugesi futhi alethe ugesi okhiqizwa eNorth Sea emazweni aseduze ngokushesha nangesikhathi.”

Inkinga yokuphakelwa kwamandla e-Europe iya ngokushuba

Isizathu sokuthi kungani amazwe aseYurophu evame “ukuhlangana ndawonye” muva nje siwukubhekana nokushuba kwamandla kagesi osekudonse izinyanga ezimbalwa kanye nokwehla kwamandla emali komnotho okwandayo.Ngokwezibalo zakamuva ezikhishwe yi-European Union, ekupheleni kukaMeyi, izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali endaweni ye-euro selifinyelele ku-8.1%, izinga eliphakeme kakhulu kusukela ngo-1997. Phakathi kwabo, izindleko zamandla zamazwe e-EU zaze zanda ngo-39.2% uma kuqhathaniswa nesikhathi esifanayo ngonyaka odlule.

Maphakathi noMeyi kulo nyaka, i-European Union ihlongoze ngokusemthethweni i-“REPowerEU energy plan” ngenhloso enkulu yokuqeda amandla aseRussia.Ngokwalolu hlelo, i-EU izoqhubeka nokukhuthaza ukuhlukahluka kokuphakelwa kukagesi, ikhuthaze ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe okonga amandla, futhi isheshise ukukhula kokufakwa kwamandla avuselelekayo futhi isheshise ukushintshwa kwezibaseli ezimbiwa phansi.Ngo-2027, i-EU izosusa ngokuphelele ukungeniswa kwegesi yemvelo namalahle eRussia, ngesikhathi esifanayo ikhulise isabelo samandla avuselelekayo ekuxubeni kwamandla ukusuka ku-40% kuya ku-45% ngo-2030, futhi isheshise ukutshalwa kwezimali kumandla avuselelekayo ngo-2027. Ukutshalwa kwezimali okwengeziwe kwama-euro ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-210 kuzokwenziwa minyaka yonke ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuvikeleka kwamandla emazweni e-EU.

NgoMeyi walo nyaka, iNetherlands, Denmark, Germany kanye neBelgium nazo zamemezela ngokuhlanganyela uhlelo lwakamuva lwamandla omoya olwandle.Lawa mazwe amane azokwakha okungenani ama-kilowatts ayizigidi eziyi-150 zamandla omoya ovela ngasogwini ngo-2050, okuphindwe izikhathi ezingaphezu kweziyi-10 kumthamo wamanje ofakiwe, kanti isamba sokutshalwa kwezimali kulindeleke ukuba sidlule ama-euro ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-135.

Ukuziphilisa ngokwamandla kuyinselelo enkulu

Kodwa-ke, abakwaReuters baveze ukuthi nakuba amazwe aseYurophu okwamanje asebenza kanzima ukuqinisa ukusebenzisana kwamandla, basabhekene nezinselele ekuxhaseni ngezimali nasekuqondiseni ngaphambi kokuqaliswa kwangempela kwephrojekthi.

Kuyaqondakala ukuthi okwamanje, amapulazi omoya aphesheya kwezilwandle emazweni ase-Europe ngokuvamile asebenzisa izintambo ezikhomba-ephuzu ukudlulisa amandla.Uma kuzokwakhiwa igridi kagesi ehlanganisiwe exhuma ipulazi ngalinye lomoya elingasogwini, kuyadingeka ukuthi kucatshangelwe itheminali ngayinye yokuphehla ugesi futhi kudluliselwe amandla ezimakethe zikagesi ezimbili noma ngaphezulu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi Kunzima kakhulu ukuklama noma ukwakha.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izindleko zokwakha izintambo zokudlulisa amazwe ngamazwe ziphezulu.AbakwaReuters bacaphune ochwepheshe bethi kuzothatha okungenani iminyaka engu-10 ukwakha igridi kagesi exhumeke emngceleni, futhi izindleko zokwakha zingase zidlule izigidigidi zamaRandi.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, maningi amazwe ase-Europe ahilelekile esifundeni saseNorth Sea, futhi amazwe angewona awe-EU njenge-United Kingdom nawo anentshisekelo yokujoyina ukubambisana.Ekugcineni, indlela yokuqondisa ukwakhiwa nokusebenza kwamaphrojekthi ahlobene nendlela yokusabalalisa imali engenayo nakho kuzoba yinkinga enkulu.

Eqinisweni, okwamanje kunegridi eyodwa kuphela ehlangene yamazwe ngamazwe eYurophu, exhuma futhi idlulisele ugesi emapulazini amaningana aphesheya kwezilwandle eDenmark naseJalimane oLwandle iBaltic.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkinga zokugunyazwa ezikhungethe ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla avuselelekayo eYurophu azikaxazululwa.Nakuba izinhlangano zemboni yamandla omoya yaseYurophu ziye zaphakamisa kaningi ku-EU ukuthi uma umgomo omisiwe wokufaka amandla avuselelekayo uzofezwa, ohulumeni base-Europe kufanele banciphise kakhulu isikhathi esidingekayo sokugunyazwa kwephrojekthi futhi benze inqubo yokugunyaza ibe lula.Kodwa-ke, ukuthuthukiswa kwephrojekthi yamandla avuselelekayo kusabhekene nemikhawulo eminingi ngenxa yenqubomgomo eqinile yokuvikela ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo eyakhiwe yi-EU.