Kungani ungasebenzisi amabhomu e-graphite lapho u-30% wezitshalo zikagesi e-Uzbekistan zicekelwe phansi?

Uyini umthelela wegridi yamandla yase-Ukraine?

Muva nje, uMongameli uZe wase-Ukraine uthe ezinkundleni zokuxhumana ukuthi kusukela ngo-Okthoba 10, ama-30% ezitshalo zikagesi zase-Ukraine acekeleke phansi,

okuholela ekucinyweni kukagesi ngezinga elikhulu ezweni lonke.

Umthelela wesiteleka ohlelweni lwamandla e-Ukraine nawo uvele ekuqaleni.Ulwazi olufanele lukhonjiswe esithombeni esingezansi.

Umbala obomvu esithombeni umelela umonakalo, umbala omnyama umelela ukwehluleka kwamandla esifundeni, futhi isithunzi simelela

izinkinga ezinkulu zokuphakelwa kukagesi esifundeni.

Izibalo zikhombisa ukuthi i-Ukraine izokhiqiza i-141.3 billion kWh kagesi ngo-2021, kuhlanganisa ne-47.734 billion kWh ezosetshenziswa ezimbonini.

kanye nezigidigidi ezingama-34.91 kWh ezosetshenziswa ezindaweni zokuhlala.

U-30% wezitshalo zikagesi ucekeleke phansi, okwengeza “izimbobo” eziningi kugridi yamandla kagesi yase-Ukraine esevele intekenteke, futhi empeleni

ube “inetha lokudoba eliphukile”.

Mkhulu kangakanani umthelela?Iyini inhloso yokucekela phansi uhlelo lwamandla e-Ukraine?Kungani ungasebenzisi izikhali ezibulalayo njengamabhomu e-graphite?

Ngokusho kwemithombo, ngemva kokuhlaselwa okuningana, ingqalasizinda yamandla eKiev ihluleka kancane kancane, futhi iRussia inokuphawulekayo

kuncishiswe ikhono lezikhungo zamandla zase-Ukraine ukuze zinikeze amandla ezimbonini zase-Ukraine namabhizinisi ezempi.

Ngempela, kuwukunqamula ukunikezwa kwamandla ezinkampanini zamasosha, kunokuba ziwacekele phansi futhi ziwakhubaze.Ngakho-ke, kungaqagelwa ukuthi

akusona isikhali esizondwa kakhulu esisetshenziswayo, ngoba uma kusetshenziswa amabhomu e-graphite nezinye izikhali ezibhubhisayo, wonke amandla ase-Ukraine

uhlelo lungacekelwa phansi.

Kungabonakala futhi ukuthi ukuhlasela kwebutho laseRussia ohlelweni lwamandla e-Ukraine, empeleni, kusewukuhlasela okuvaliwe okunomfutho olinganiselwe.

Njengoba sazi sonke, ugesi ungamandla abalulekile ekuthuthukisweni komnotho.Eqinisweni, ugesi udlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni

umphumela wempi.

 

Impi iyisilo sangempela esidla amandla.Kudingeka amandla angakanani ukunqoba impi?

Impi idinga ukusetshenziswa kwezikhali, futhi isidingo sikagesi ezikhalini zesimanje sikude nesiteshi somsakazo esidala esingaba njalo

yaneliswa amabhethri ambalwa omile, kodwa idinga ukunikezwa kwamandla okunamandla futhi ezinzile.

Thatha inkampani yendiza njengesibonelo, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla esiphathi sendiza kulingana nengqikithi yamandla asetshenziswa encane

idolobha.Thatha isithwali sendiza ye-Liaoning njengesibonelo, amandla aphelele angafinyelela ku-300000 horsepower (cishe 220000 kilowatts), okuyinto

inganikeza amandla edolobheni elinabantu abangaba ngu-200000 futhi inikeze ukushisa ebusika, kuyilapho ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwezindiza zenuzi

abathwali bangaphezu kwaleli zinga.

Esinye isibonelo ubuchwepheshe obuphambili be-electromagnetic ejection.Umthwalo kagesi wobuchwepheshe be-electromagnetic ejection

inkulu kakhulu.Amandla okushaja endiza enkulu kunazo zonke esemkhunjini lapho isuka i-3100 kilowatts, edinga cishe i-4000

kilowatts kagesi, okuhlanganisa nokulahlekelwa.Lokhu kusetshenziswa kwamandla kulingana nama-air conditioner angaphezu kuka-3600 1.5 amahhashi

ziqalwa kanyekanye.

 

"Ukubulala Amandla" Empini - Ibhomu leGraphite

Ngesikhathi seMpi yaseKosovo ngo-1999, i-NATO Air Force yethula uhlobo olusha lwebhomu le-carbon fiber, elaqala ukuhlasela izindiza.

I-Federal Republic of Yugoslavia power system.Inombolo enkulu ye-carbon fibers yahlakazeka phezu kwesistimu yamandla, okwenza kube mfushane

ukwehluleka kwesifunda namandla wesistimu.Ngesinye isikhathi, u-70% wezifunda zaseYugoslavia zanqanyulwa, okwenza umzila wezindiza ulahlekelwe.

ukukhanya, uhlelo lwekhompiyutha luzokhubazeka, futhi ikhono lokuxhumana lizolahleka.

 

Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwamasosha e-"Desert Storm" e-Gulf War, i-US Navy yethula imicibisholo yokuhamba ngomkhumbi i-"Tomahawk" evela ezikhungweni zempi,

abahamba ngezikebhe, ababhubhisi kanye nohlobo lokuhlasela imikhumbi-ngwenya yenuzi, futhi baphonsa amabhomu e-graphite emigqeni yokudlulisela amandla emadolobheni amaningana

e-Iraq, okubangele okungenani u-85% wezinhlelo zokuphakela ugesi zase-Iraq zikhubazeke.

 

Liyini ibhomu le-graphite?Ibhomu le-graphite liwuhlobo olukhethekile lwebhomu, elisetshenziswa ngokukhethekile ukubhekana nokudluliswa kwamandla emadolobheni

kanye nemigqa yoguquko.Ingase futhi ibizwe ngokuthi ibhomu lokuhluleka kwamandla, futhi ingabizwa ngokuthi "umbulali wamandla".

 

Amabhomu e-graphite ngokuvamile ajikijelwa izindiza zokulwa.Umzimba webhomu wenziwe ngezintambo ze-carbon fibre ezihlanzekile ezine-a

ububanzi bezinkulungwane ezimbalwa zesentimitha.Uma iqhuma phezu kwesistimu yamandla asemadolobheni, ingakhulula inombolo enkulu

ama-carbon fibers.

 

Uma i-carbon fibre isibekiwe kulayini wokudlulisa amandla we-voltage ephezulu oveziwe noma i-substation transformer namanye amandla

imishini yokudlulisela, izodala isifunda esifushane phakathi kwama-electrode aphezulu-voltage.Njengomfutho wesifunda esifushane oqinile

iyahwamuka nge-graphite fibre, i-arc ikhiqizwa, futhi i-graphite fibre conductive imbozwe ezintweni zamandla,

okwenza kube nzima umphumela wokulimala wesekethe emfushane.

 

Ekugcineni, igridi yamandla ehlaselwe izokhubazeka, kubangele ukucisha kukagesi ngezinga elikhulu.

I-carbon content ye-graphite fiber egcwele amabhomu e-graphite yaseMelika ingaphezu kuka-99%, kuyilapho i-carbon fiber igcwaliswa

Amabhomu aseShayina azenzele wona e-carbon fibre anomphumela ofanayo kudingeka abe ngaphezu kwama-90%.Eqinisweni, bobabili banokufana

amandla okusebenza lapho esetshenziselwa ukucekela phansi uhlelo lwamandla esitha.

 

Izikhali zempi zincike kakhulu kugesi.Uma uhlelo lwamandla selonakele, umphakathi uzoba sesimweni sokukhubazeka,

kanye nezinye izinto ezibalulekile zolwazi lwezempi nazo zizolahlekelwa imisebenzi yazo.Ngakho-ke, indima yesistimu yamandla ku-

impi ibaluleke ngokukhethekile.Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuvikela uhlelo lwamandla "ukugwema impi".